With a Roth IRA, you contribute after-tax dollars, your money grows tax-free, and you can generally make tax- and penalty-free withdrawals after age 59½. With a Traditional IRA, you contribute pre- or after-tax dollars, your money grows tax-deferred, and withdrawals are taxed as current income after age 59½.
A Roth IRA or 401(k) makes the most sense if you're confident of higher income in retirement than you earn now. If you expect your income (and tax rate) to be lower in retirement than at present, a traditional account is likely the better bet.
Key Takeaways
Roth IRAs offer several key benefits, including tax-free growth, tax-free withdrawals in retirement, and no required minimum distributions. An obvious disadvantage is that you're contributing post-tax money, and that's a bigger hit on your current income.
It may be appropriate to contribute to both a traditional and a Roth IRA—if you can. Doing so will give you taxable and tax-free withdrawal options in retirement. Financial planners call this tax diversification, and it's generally a smart strategy when you're unsure what your tax picture will look like in retirement.
Advantages of a Roth IRA
You don't get an upfront tax break (like you do with traditional IRAs), but your contributions and earnings grow tax-free. Withdrawals during retirement are tax-free. There are no required minimum distributions (RMDs) during your lifetime, which makes Roth IRAs ideal wealth transfer vehicles.
The first five-year rule states that you must wait five years after your first contribution to a Roth IRA to withdraw your earnings tax free. The five-year period starts on the first day of the tax year for which you made a contribution to any Roth IRA, not necessarily the one you're withdrawing from.
Yes, you can lose money in a Roth IRA. The most common causes of a loss include: negative market fluctuations, early withdrawal penalties, and an insufficient amount of time to compound. The good news is, the more time you allow a Roth IRA to grow, the less likely you are to lose money.
The easiest way to escape paying taxes on an IRA conversion is to make traditional IRA contributions when your income exceeds the threshold for deducting IRA contributions, then converting them to a Roth IRA. If you're covered by an employer retirement plan, the IRS limits IRA deductibility.
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For 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total contributions you make each year to all of your traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs can't be more than: $6,000 ($7,000 if you're age 50 or older), or.
Roth IRAs come with some great tax advantages, but converting a traditional IRA to a Roth doesn't make sense for everyone. ... A benefit of a Roth conversion is that it can allow you to pay taxes on traditional IRA assets now instead of later if you expect to be subject to a higher marginal tax rate down the road.
Key Takeaways. You may be able to contribute to both a Roth and traditional IRA, up to the limits set by the IRS, which are $6,000 total between all IRA accounts in 2020 and 2021. These two types of IRAs also have eligibility requirements you'll need to meet.
If you're looking to maximize your retirement savings, here are several of the best Roth IRA accounts to consider:
Generally, if you're not earning any income, you can't contribute to either a traditional or a Roth IRA. However, in some cases, married couples filing jointly may be able to make IRA contributions based on the taxable compensation reported on their joint return.
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